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Spending Data Handbook

Glossary

aggregated

data that is summarized using statistical methods or by simply summing its component parts

API

Application Programming Interface: a specification allowing two pieces of software to interface with each other, without either having knowledge of the inner workings of the other

backlog

a list of tasks prepared by the project manager

bulk data

refers to the entirety of a dataset, instead of the incremental amounts that may be retrieval via other means, such as an API

CSO

Civil Service Organizations: a legally constituted organization created by natural or legal persons that operates independently from any form of government in the interest of civil society. Also commonly referred to as NGOs.

CSV

Comma Separated Values: A format for transactional data that separates each column value by a comma. Can be imported and exported from most spreadsheet programs

database query language

a syntax for interacting with data in a database. Usually specific to the software being used

hacker

one who programs enthusiastically (even obsessively) or who enjoys programming rather than just theorizing about programming (like a 'coder' - but more energetic :) )

hackday

a session where hackers come together to answer a particular task

iteration

a period of a defined length during which changes to a project can be made. Usually ends in a review meeting to plan the next iteration.

JSON 

Javascript Object Notation: a data format that is relatively easy for humans to read and write and very easy for machines to read and parse

Mirroring

creating an entire copy of a website on another server, primarily for backup

MySQL

(pronounced "My Sequel" or "MY S-Q-L"): Open source relational database software

nominatim

A web service which turns place names and addresses into coordinates so that they can be mapped / associated with an administrative area

PostgreSQL

(abbreviated Postgres): Open source object relational database software, a query language similar (but not identical) to that in MySQL is used

OCR

Optical Character Recognition: the electronic conversion of scanned images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-encoded text

reference data

data from outside an organisation (often from standards organisations) which is, apart from occasional revisions, static

scope creep

When a project's scope slowly and steadily increases, without a formal re-examination of the original terms and requirements

shapefile

a file format for geospatial vector data that is primarily used to feed data into mapping applications

Tilemill

Hosted and open source mapping software for creating maps

user story

short descriptions that outline in plain language the different use cases and possibilities for different types of users for the purposes of determining software requirements

vector data

a type of image composed of connected points rather than pixels

XML

eXtensible Markup Language: a markup language created to structure, store, and transport data by defining a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.

Some of the above entries contain excerpts from Wikipedia.org and the Jargon File v. 4.4.8

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